OHIP Billing Guide🩺 ServicePublished 2026
A165

A165 OHIP Billing Code: Comprehensive Nephrology Consultations Made Simple

OHIP Billing Code A165 covers initial nephrology consultations with a flat fee. Understand eligibility and documentation to ensure seamless billing.

For Ontario Physicians & Billing StaffOHIP Schedule of Benefits Reference180.75 CAD~3 min read

1What Is the A165 OHIP Code?

What is the A165 OHIP Billing Code?

A165 is a billing code under OHIP for nephrology consultations. This code applies to new consultations typically initiated by referrals for patients showing signs such as rising creatinine levels, proteinuria, or resistant hypertension. It may also involve planning for renal replacement therapy.

Consultations under this code are essential for assessing complex cases that require a nephrologist's expertise to form treatment plans. Due to the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities involved, timely documentation and adherence to OHIP billing guidelines are crucial to avoid reimbursement issues.

2Related Codes

CodeNameFrequencyDescription
A160Comprehensive nephrology consultationOne per patient per episodeFor in-depth consultation services, addressing complex nephrology cases.
A166Repeat consultationDependent on patient status and timingApplicable when a repeated consultation is warranted within the specified timeframe.
A865Limited consultationOne per patient per episodeFor focused consultation services in nephrology with limited scope relative to a full assessment.
C160Comprehensive nephrology consultationOne per patient per episodeEquivalent to A160, for comprehensive assessments conducted for hospital inpatients.

3Eligibility Requirements

Eligibility Requirements for A165 Billing

According to the OHIP Schedule of Benefits, a consultation billed under A165 must meet the following criteria:

  • Request Source: Must be a written request from a referring physician, nurse practitioner, or dental surgeon in connection with an insured dental procedure rendered in a hospital.
  • Consultation Requirements: The request must identify the patient, the consulting nephrologist, and the specific service required alongside relevant clinical information.
  • Frequency Limits: A maximum of one consultation per two consecutive 12-month periods is allowed for the same patient with the same diagnosis. Exceptions include consultations for hospital inpatients or emergency department patients under specific conditions outlined by OHIP.

It is essential to retain a copy of the written consultation request in the patient's medical record, ensuring all specified criteria are documented to support billing claims.

4What Your Clinical Note Must Show

1Documentation Requirements for A165

Ensure thorough record-keeping to substantiate the billing of A165.

  • Keep a signed copy of the consultation request in the medical records.
  • Include the name and billing number of the referring professional.
  • Document the patient’s name, health number, and specific services requested.
  • Record the time service started and ended in the patient’s medical record.

5Weak vs. Strong Note Examples

The strong note succeeds due to its comprehensiveness and precise documentation, which includes detailed findings and recorded consultation times, essential for validating the billing process. The weak note fails to demonstrate the required depth and documentation necessary for reimbursement.

Weak Note

Patient seen for consultation. Discussed rising creatinine levels. Follow-up needed.

Strong Note

Initial nephrology consultation completed following referral from Dr. Smith. Main issues include rising creatinine and suspected proteinuria. A comprehensive assessment was conducted, leading to a detailed discussion about possible renal replacement therapies. Recommendations provided in a written report sent to the referring physician.

Consultation Start: 10:00 AM Consultation End: 11:30 AM

  • Details of the patient's presenting issues and clinical details.
  • Specific recommendations and next steps discussed in depth.
  • Precise documentation of time spent during the consultation.

6Common Reasons This Code Is Missed

1
Insufficient Documentation
Failure to keep the written request or record the consultation timing will result in billing issues.
2
Exceeding Frequency Limits
Billing more frequently than allowed per the same diagnosis can lead to payment denial.
3
Ineligible Request Source
A consultation requested by a non-qualified professional can invalidate billing attempts.
Document A165 correctly — every time
Empathia's templates automatically structure your notes to capture every required element for audit-proof billing.

8Frequently Asked Questions

How much is the fee for A165 under OHIP?
The flat fee for A165 is CAD 180.75.
How frequently can A165 be billed for the same patient?
It can be billed once per two consecutive 12-month periods for the same diagnosis, except under specific conditions allowing for an additional consultation.
What patient conditions typically prompt a nephrology consultation?
Common nephrology referrals involve cases with rising creatinine, proteinuria, and resistant hypertension.
When should a nephrologist consider a comprehensive consultation over a standard one?
More complex cases, such as those requiring detailed planning for renal replacement therapy, may warrant a comprehensive consultation.
What should a referring physician include in their consultation request?
The request must specify the patient's issue, consultant’s name, and the specific services needed.
Can patients be referred for a nephrology consultation if there are concerns about proteinuria?
Yes, proteinuria is a common indicator for nephrology consultations, requiring in-depth nephrological assessment.
In what scenario might a follow-up nephrology consultation be necessary more than a year after the initial one?
If a patient becomes an inpatient or enters the emergency department more than 12 months after the first consultation, a follow-up may be necessary.
Does the consultation have to be delivered in-person, or can it be virtual?
A165 consultations can be rendered virtually through video, billed as A165A. Telephone consultations do not qualify.
Disclaimer: This article is intended as a general educational resource for physicians and billing staff. It does not constitute billing advice or a definitive interpretation of the OHIP Schedule of Benefits. Always verify current billing codes, eligibility criteria, and documentation requirements directly against the official Schedule of Benefits or consult with a qualified medical billing specialist.
@2026 Empathia AI, Inc. All rights reserved.